Medical charity MSF warns over Kenya plan on Somali refugees
A refugee camp. MSF has warned that an agreement to begin the voluntary repatriation of Somalis from Kenya must not happen at the expense of providing aid to refugees. PHOTO/FILE
An international medical charity has warned that an agreement to begin the voluntary repatriation of Somalis from Kenya must not happen at the expense of providing aid to refugees.
The Médecins Sans Frontières/Doctors without Borders (MSF), however, said the repatriation could potentially be a positive step.
The agreement, signed on November 10 by the UN, Kenya and Somalia, outlines the practical and legal procedures for the voluntary return of hundreds of thousands of refugees to Somalia, many of whom were born in Kenya’s vast refugee camps or have lived there for up to 22 years.
While reintegrating refugees back into Somalia could be part of a real and sustainable solution for Somali refugees, maintaining assistance to the refugees needs to be high on the agenda of all stakeholders.
“No one chooses a life as a refugee, and most refugees struggle to get by on what the government and aid agencies provide,” says Dr Jean-Clément Cabrol, MSF’s Director of Operations.
“Any decision to return should be made willingly and gladly, and not be forced on them by a cut in aid.”
The practical implementation of the three-way agreement raises a number of concerns, according to MSF.
“Voluntary repatriation implies that people are fully aware of the situation inside Somalia,” says Dr Cabrol in a statement from MSF.
SECURITY NOT GUARANTEED
Dr Cabrol said MSF’s 22 years of experience working in the country suggest that, given the high level of insecurity in many parts of Somalia, and the large numbers of people who are still displaced within its borders, safe conditions for the return of refugees are not guaranteed.
“Security and dignity must be ensured for all returnees,” says Dr Cabrol.
”The Somali government and its partners would need to guarantee that returnees have rights and receive assistance, while aid must continue to be provided in Kenya’s refugee camps to those who don’t want to go back to Somalia.”
An assessment conducted by MSF amongst patients in its medical facilities in Dadaab’s Dagahaley camp in August 2013 found that four in five people would choose not to return to Somalia, given the current situation.
Their reluctance to leave is despite poor living conditions in the camps. Nearly half of the respondents in Dagahaley said they have no means of keeping their homes dry in the rainy season; one in ten have no access to latrines; and one in four admitted they do not feel safe.
“These findings reveal how minimal care provision is,” says Cabrol.
Policies by donors to reduce funds are having concrete effects on the refugees in Dadaab: for example, funding shortages have resulted in a recent 20 per cent cut in food rations, leaving refugees receiving less than the minimum daily calorie intake recommended by the World Health Organisation.
It is vital that the levels of assistance provided to refugees in Kenya are maintained. “Reducing assistance in the camps could be seen as pressure on the refugees to go back to Somalia, and this is unacceptable,” says Cabrol.
MSF noted that the future of the refugees in Dadaab has been under discussion for decades, and there are no easy answers.
However, possible alternatives exist, including persuading the international community to allow more refugees to resettle abroad; relocating the refugees to a safer area in camps of a more manageable size; and developing opportunities for refugees to become more self-reliant.
“These are vulnerable people who have already suffered too much,” says Dr Cabrol. “Wherever they live, their safety, health and dignity must be guaranteed.”
